Drupal Study Guide

Appearance

Acquia Certified Drupal 10 Frontend Specialist ​

Self Evaluation Answers ​

Answer Key ​

1. What templating engine does Drupal 10 use by default?

Answer: C. Twig
Explanation: Drupal 10 utilizes Twig as its default templating engine, providing a secure and flexible way to design templates.
Reference: Twig in Drupal

2. Where are theme .twig files stored in a custom Drupal theme?

Answer: B. /themes/{theme_name}/templates/
Explanation: In a custom Drupal theme, Twig template files are typically located in the templates directory within the theme's folder.
Reference: Working With Twig Templates

3. Which of the following is the correct way to print a variable in a Twig template?

Answer: A. {{ variable }}
Explanation: In Twig templates, variables are printed using double curly braces.
Reference: Twig Syntax

4. How do you override a specific block template in a custom theme?

Answer: B. Create a file named block--{machine-name}.html.twig in the templates folder.
Explanation: To override a specific block's template, create a Twig file following the naming convention block--{machine-name}.html.twig in your theme's templates directory.
Reference: Twig Template Naming Conventions

5. Which of the following files is used to declare CSS and JavaScript libraries in a theme?

Answer: B. theme.libraries.yml
Explanation: In Drupal themes, CSS and JavaScript libraries are declared in the theme.libraries.yml file.
Reference: Adding assets (CSS, JS) to a Drupal theme via *.libraries.yml

6. How do you attach a library to a specific block in a Twig template?

Answer: A. {{ attach_library('theme_name/library_name') }}
Explanation: To attach a library within a Twig template, use the attach_library function with the theme and library name.
Reference: Attaching a library via a Twig template

7. What is the recommended way to add a JavaScript file in a custom theme?

Answer: C. Define it in theme.libraries.yml and attach it to templates.
Explanation: The recommended approach is to define JavaScript files in the theme.libraries.yml file and attach them as needed in templates.
Reference: Adding assets (CSS, JS) to a Drupal theme via *.libraries.yml

8. Which function is used to preprocess variables before rendering a template?

Answer: B. hook_preprocess_HOOK()
Explanation: The hook_preprocess_HOOK() functions allow developers to preprocess variables before they are rendered in templates.
Reference: Twig best practices - preprocess functions and templates

9. What is the purpose of hook_theme() in Drupal?

Answer: A. To declare new theme implementations.
Explanation: The hook_theme() function is used to declare new theme implementations, specifying how and when templates are used.
Reference: hook_theme()

10. How can you generate a render array for an image in Drupal?

Answer: C. Using ['#theme' => 'image', '#uri' => 'public://image.jpg']
Explanation: In Drupal, you can create a render array for an image by specifying the #theme element as 'image' and providing the #uri to the image file.
Reference: Render API Overview

11. What HTML attribute should be used to provide alternative text for images in Drupal?

Answer: A. alt
Explanation: The alt attribute in HTML is used to provide alternative text descriptions for images, which is essential for accessibility and is a best practice in Drupal theming.
Reference: HTML: alt Attribute

12. Which of the following best describes ARIA (Accessible Rich Internet Applications) attributes in Drupal theming?

Answer: C. They help screen readers interpret dynamic content and improve accessibility.
Explanation: ARIA (Accessible Rich Internet Applications) attributes enhance accessibility by providing additional semantic information to assistive technologies like screen readers.
Reference: MDN Web Docs: ARIA & Drupal Accessibility Standards

13. What CSS feature allows responsive design in Drupal themes?

Answer: B. Media Queries
Explanation: Media queries are a CSS feature that enable the application of styles based on the characteristics of the device, such as its width, height, or orientation, facilitating responsive design in Drupal themes.
Reference: Using Media Queries

14. What is the purpose of Drupal's advagg module?

Answer: A. To manage CSS/JS aggregation and minification
Explanation: The Advanced CSS/JS Aggregation (advagg) module enhances Drupal's default aggregation and minification capabilities, improving site performance by optimizing the delivery of CSS and JavaScript files.
Reference: AdvAgg Module

15. How does Drupal optimize CSS and JavaScript for performance?

Answer: B. By using aggregation and compression
Explanation: Drupal improves performance by aggregating multiple CSS and JavaScript files into single files and compressing them, reducing the number of HTTP requests and the overall file size.
Reference: Aggregate CSS and JS files in Drupal core

16. What module provides a toolbar with debugging information about blocks, templates, and queries?

Answer: C. Web Profiler
Explanation: The Web Profiler module adds a toolbar to Drupal that displays debugging information, including details about blocks, templates, and database queries, aiding developers in performance analysis and debugging.
Reference: Web Profiler Module

17. How can you enable Twig debugging in Drupal 10?

Answer: A. Set debug: true in services.yml
Explanation: To enable Twig debugging in Drupal 10, you can set debug: true in the twig.config parameters within the services.yml file, which allows for the display of template suggestions and other helpful debugging information.
Reference: Twig Debugging

18. How can you make a theme translation-ready in Drupal?

Answer: A. Use t() function in PHP and trans filter in Twig
Explanation: To make a Drupal theme translation-ready, use the t() function in PHP code and the trans filter in Twig templates to mark strings for translation, enabling multilingual support.
Reference: Translation API overview

19. What module is required for multilingual content translation in Drupal?

Answer: C. Content Translation
Explanation: The Content Translation module in Drupal allows for the translation of content entities, such as nodes, enabling multilingual support for site content.
Reference: Choosing and installing multilingual modules

20. What is the recommended way to apply a custom template to a specific content type?

Answer: A. Create node--{content-type}.html.twig in the theme
Explanation: To apply a custom template to a specific content type in Drupal, create a Twig template file named node--{content-type}.html.twig in your theme's templates directory, replacing {content-type} with the machine name of your content type.
Reference: Twig Template Naming Conventions

These explanations and references should help validate the correct answers and provide further insight into Drupal's backend development practices.